Charter - 776 Words

Project Charter Model Sample Here is a sample project charter to get you started. This project charter was created for the corporate employee recognition framework. Project Charter |1.0 Project Identification | |Name |Employee Recognition Framework | |Description |Design, develop and implement the employee recognition framework | |Sponsor |†¦show more content†¦ce | |Element of the Public Service Commission’s Business Plan for 2006/2007 | |Complements and builds upon existing departmental recognition activities | |Complements corporate human resource values | |Element of performance management | |3.0 Project OBJECTIVES (purpose) | |Overall, to create a workplace culture that includes regular recognition and feedback | |To recognize employees for their high-quality service and commitment to public service | |To reinforce linkages between employee performance and department business goals to achieve corporate goals | |To develop tools, guidelines and support for departments to assist with departmental recognitionShow MoreRelatedCherokee Charter Academy : Charter School918 Words   |  4 PagesCherokee Charter Academy. Cherokee Charter Academy is a charter school in Cherokee County on Sixes Road. Cherokee Charter Academy includes kindergarten through eighth-grade classes. There are over nine hundred students and about sixty-five full-time teachers at Cherokee Charter Academy. Charter schools are similar to public schools and are tuition-free. Charter schools are governed independently, but if the school does not demonstrate success it will lose its charter. At Cherokee Charter Academy IRead MoreThe Implementation Of Charter Schools1505 Words   |  7 Pages Implementation of charter schools in LAUSD by George Szabo Introduction to Public Management and Policy POSC / CRJU 320 Dr. Samuel B. Stone California State University, Fullerton September 29, 2015 $490-million dollar plan In California there is frequent debate over the performance of public schools throughout the state. It is known that many of the state’s public schools are poorly funded and lay in disrepair. It is also accompanied by bad test scores and underperforming students whichRead MoreCharter Schools : A Public School Or A Charter School?1674 Words   |  7 PagesEvery parent wants a good education for their child no matter if the school is a public school or a charter school. The passing of this ballot will allow the approval of twelve new charter schools or enrollment to increase by 1% statewide in already existing charter schools by the state Board of Elementary and Secondary Education each year. Hearing about charter schools expanding would gain the supporters of those who have a child on a waiting list. There are those who already have a child in a publicRead MoreCharter Schools Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesCharter Schools: The Future of Education? For decades the American education system provided parents with three choices: public, homeschool or private school. If they chose public then their child(ren) would be assigned to a school past on where they lived. However , â€Å"in the early 1990s a handful of states created independent public charter schools, providing opportunities for teachers and others to develop innovative schooling options â€Å" (Palmer, Louann 2007). Not only did the creation ofRead MoreThe Opinion Of Charter Schools1687 Words   |  7 Pages As I began working on this essay, my first step was to google charter school news articles. One of the first two articles that I came across was from a well known conservative news source. The other was published in a prominent outlet for liberal news. I was amazed at the polar opposite views that the two sources had on the subject and decided to see if this dichotomy continued in other news outlets as well. I then looked up a ranking of various news sources as liberal or conservative. IRead MoreCharter School Case Study814 Words   |  4 Pages4 Traits of Effective Charter School Vendors One thing you may be surprised to learn about starting a charter school is that it’s a lot like starting a business. You’ve got to put out a quality product (your teaching style), you need to attract customers (your students), and you want to attract the best talent (your teachers). One of the most challenging aspects of the process is the hiring and management of suppliers. Your school will need more suppliers than you think. There’s the food for theRead MoreEssay on Charter Schools987 Words   |  4 Pagesreform in the United States. The charter school model was an idea for educational reconstruction. These charter schools insured the continuing improvement of schooling (Budde, 1989). In 1991, Minnesota was the first state to pass legislation to create a charter school. In 1992, Minnesota opened the doors of the first charter school in the United States (â€Å"Resources,† 2012). Since then, Charter schools have gained wide spread acceptance across the United States. Charter schools are independent schoolsRead MoreCharter Schools Is The Best?940 Words   |  4 PagesFor nearly a decades, charter schools have become the modern rival of public schools, but does the charter schools is the best? In modern society, people keep chasing the American dream; they want to achieve better life quality and higher education. As most people believe, education is a primarily way to train children all the skills which will need as adults to find good jobs and live well, but the nation have many different types of schools, such as private schools, charter schools, home schoolsRead MoreThe Importance Of Charter School1824 Words   |  8 PagesAnother issue will an all charter school district is parent involvement. There are so many different types of parents: some take initiative and others do not. Would parents who normally do not take a notice in their child’s life take any interest in researching which charter school they would like their child to go to if the district was made solely of charter schools? William Jeynes (2009) argues that parents may not have â€Å"sufficient information about the options available to make the most prudentRead MoreThe State Of Charter Schools1127 Words   |  5 Pages To understand the state of charter schools today, it is important to know how a charter school was envisioned to be. Tell explains that charter schools, by nature, should be more accurately described as â€Å"contract† schools. These schools are contractually obligated to serve the interest of the general public by providing education opportunities using the funds provided from taxes. Traditionally, charter schools are defined as â€Å"tuition-free, publicly funded, performance-based, non-sectarian, public

Analysis Of The Book The Death Cure - 926 Words

James Dashner is an American fiction writer who writes primarily for children and young adults. He is responsible for the Maze Runner series, and The Death Cure is one of the books in that series. He attended Brigham Young University were he studied accounting but also decided to try his hand at writing. After several attempts Dashner eventually created the book series of Jimmy Fincher. After completion of the four book series of Jimmy Fincher, Dashner started on another series of books called the Maze Runner. He has won a Whitney Award for Best Youth Fiction. My book, the Death cure, has 325 pages, and was published by the Delacorte Press. It sells for $9.99. The main characters in the story are Thomas, Minho, Newt, and Teresa. Thomas†¦show more content†¦They act in a normal manner. A believable person helps when people are in need and thomas does that. The dialogue is realistic. Thomas and his group talk with each other as we would talk today. For example, when Newt says â€Å"Kill me. If you’ve ever been my friend, kill me.† he knows he has the Flare and is asking Thomas to be a good friend. And then, â€Å"KILL ME! And then Newt s eyes cleared, as if he d gained one last trembling gasp of sanity, and his voice softened. Please, Tommy. Please. With his heart falling into a black abyss, Thomas pulled the trigger.† The plot twists, turns, and thickens. The plot of the series as a whole always keeps you guessing. Every time you think you know what is about to happen, something else happens. For example, when Thomas was brought back, he was put in Solitary Confinement. I had thought the whole group would have been put somewhere together. Another example is â€Å"Thomas: Is it [my brain] fixed? Brenda: It worked, judging from the fact that you re not trying to kill us anymore...† Thomas had a controller in his brain making him try to kill his friends. Sometimes, though, the writing can sometimes be a little dry and slow like when Thomas is in the Solitary cell. The audience for this book is children and young adults. The main characters in the book are young adults and the twisting and turning of the plot make it interesting for that ageShow MoreRelated Feminism and Insanity in Virginia Woolfs Work Essay examples1105 Words   |  5 Pagesmysticism of subversive, politically critical, feminist irony (89). While his presentation of Woolfs ironic mysticism is certainly compelling, it relies on a logical conceit that is somewhat independent of the text itself. Madeleine Moores book, The Short Season Between Two Silences, fleshes out the idea of Woolf as a feminist mystic. She chooses to focus on the notion of maternity both as a mystical concept (the cosmological woman-as-sun) and as a feminist revision of literature. SheRead MoreWomen Who Run With The Wolves847 Words   |  4 PagesClarissa Pinkola Estes, in women who run with the wolves, through the analysis of the archetype of the wild woman she desires to give an opportunity to all women in search of themselves to actually find themselves. Jungian analyst and cantadora, Clarissa Pinkola Estes, through an interesting psychoanalytical interpretation enucleates a series of different women’s essences gleaning from ancient memories and folklore stories. In this sage the author investigates that part of the feminine that has beenRead MoreAnalysis Of The 2010 Suspenseful Thriller Shutter Island1499 Words   |  6 PagesZubair Khan DHD 102 Film Analysis- Shutter Island 12/03/2015 My concluding interpretation of the 2010 suspenseful thriller Shutter Island resulted with a lucid Teddy choosing to â€Å"die as a good man â€Å" rather than living as a monster who has to wake up every morning with regret for murdering his wife. It is apparent that Teddy was going to get lobotomized at the lighthouse by his own will. Lobotomy in the description given in the film is to cut into the brain to reduce aggressive behavior and ultimatelyRead MoreThe Topic Of Cancer By Christopher Hitchens1042 Words   |  5 PagesTopic of Chemotherapy I chose to write an essay about the â€Å"Topic of Cancer† by Christopher Hitchens. In this short autobiographical essay, Hitchens discusses his experience with Esophageal cancer. Just one day after lanching his book â€Å"Hitch-22† Hitchens was made aware of his illness, where he later describes the news as â€Å"taking me from the country of well, to the stark frontier.† It was then he chose to write about his experience for the purpose of documenting the changes that he, and his body wereRead MoreEssay on George Boole: The Genius1006 Words   |  5 Pagesintroduced him to literature and Latin, but George soon learned all his father had to offer. After that, John found George a tutor – bookseller William Brooke. Mr. Brooke turned out to be a great asset for George; he gave George access to all the books in his store, and also taught him. Mr. Brooke and George ended up being lifelong friends. However, just knowing Latin was not enough for George. He ad ded Greek to his repertoire, and this was completely self-taught. He also went on to study FrenchRead MoreBenefit Of Technology Essay1023 Words   |  5 Pagesuse a substantial amount of technology some would even say to an exaggerated level. You might be thinking to yourself â€Å"what are you talking about, technology is a must it helps us live longer than ever, cure diseases and illnesses and we can even create things only imagined in science fiction books† but the answer isn’t as simple and clear cut like that. Instead this essay will proposed the idea of the hindrance that technology presents to humankind. Using legitimate sources as a support for thisRead MoreEssay on Sigmund Freud1725 Words   |  7 Pagespatients by the use of hypnosis, a technique he learned under Charcot. Along with Joseph Breuer he became successful in hypnosis and together they published a book entitled Studies on Hysteria. Soon after this Freud began self analysis, the act of studying on e’s own self, called psycho self-analysis, mainly through his dreams. He authored the book The Interpretation of Dreams, which became a worldwide phenomenon and classic in psychoanalytical studies. Freud was an avid cocaine user and a proponentRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1578 Words   |  7 Pageswhere the drugs were tested out to prove if the effects were favorable. Animals used in studies to cure dangerous diseases have shown how poorly conducted and designed they were created. An example to the failed studies is during an antibody treatment that had led the men who tested out the drug to have near to death experiences and had caused a 320,000 heart attacks and strokes as well as 140,000 death globally, according to Cruelty Free International. The drug was originally supposed to treat arthritisRead MoreTuesdays with Morrie Essay1149 Words   |  5 Pagesexcellent sociological perspective that allows us to focus on micro activities and to analyze our society which is the product of everyday’s life. Tuesdays with Morrie is more than a simple book, more than a romance one; it is a great book that teaches us many of life’s greatest lessons. An analysis of this book using the SI perspective and concepts such as meaning making, status, impression management, looking-glass self, role taking, role making, and self-presentation helps us understand the realRead MoreDeath and Dying Essays1112 Words   |  5 PagesOn Death and Dying By Elisabeth Kubler-Ross For my book review, I read On Death and Dying, by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross. Dr. Kubler-Ross was the first person in her field to discuss the topic of death. Before 1969, death was considered a taboo. On Death and Dying is one of the most important psychological studies of the late twentieth century. The work grew out of her famous interdisciplinary seminar on death, life, and transition. In this paper, I give a comprehensive book review as well as integrate

The Method of Teaching Conroy’s Used Free Essays

The â€Å"Water is Wide† takes place on the coast of South Carolina and Yamacraw Island during the nineteen sixties. A man by the name of Pat Conroy offers to teach over on the island, many people on the island have no education and are illiterate. When Conroy gets over to the island he finds himself very disgraceful. We will write a custom essay sample on The Method of Teaching Conroy’s Used or any similar topic only for you Order Now The teachers at the school believe that the children cannot be taught. His method of teaching is very different from others. One of Conroy†s goals was to teach the children about America. So he showed them movies and let them listen to American musicians. After doing this about every day, it made an influence in the children†s lives. Big C and Lincoln were the class clowns. They hated the principle because every time they did something bad she would beat them. During most of his time on the island, Conroy stayed with the Skimberry†s. The Skimberry†s were a nice couple named Zeke and Ida. When Halloween came around Conroy decided he wanted to take the children over to Bluffton, South Carolina, or Halloween so they could â€Å"trick or treat.† None of the kids even knew what â€Å"trick or treating† was. After making field trip forms and sending them home with all the children. The children came back with one of them signed. So Conroy went door to door asking begging each of the parents to let their children go. Throughout the story Pat Conroy took the children many places. Unfortunately Mrs. Brown and Ted Stone accused him of doing many wrong things. He was not able to return the next year. Even if Conroy did not teach the children anything, he still felt they would be able to survive in the outside world. I like this book. It made me very thankful that I have a good education. I also like the way Pat Conroy writes. In the future, I hope to read some of his other books. My favorite part of the book was when they would listen to the music of different artists, I also liked when they would play outside and he would tell about how they played so roughly. This was the best book I have read in a long time. The one part I did not really like was how it did not really tell when the story took place. I also did not like all the description. I think people of all ages should read this book. How to cite The Method of Teaching Conroy’s Used, Papers The Method of Teaching Conroy’s Used Free Essays The â€Å"Water is Wide† takes place on the coast of South Carolina and Yamacraw Island during the nineteen sixties. A man by the name of Pat Conroy offers to teach over on the island, many people on the island have no education and are illiterate. When Conroy gets over to the island he finds himself very disgraceful. We will write a custom essay sample on The Method of Teaching Conroy’s Used or any similar topic only for you Order Now The teachers at the school believe that the children cannot be taught. His method of teaching is very different from others. One of Conroy†s goals was to teach the children about America. So he showed them movies and let them listen to American musicians. After doing this about every day, it made an influence in the children†s lives. Big C and Lincoln were the class clowns. They hated the principle because every time they did something bad she would beat them. During most of his time on the island, Conroy stayed with the Skimberry†s. The Skimberry†s were a nice couple named Zeke and Ida. When Halloween came around Conroy decided he wanted to take the children over to Bluffton, South Carolina, or Halloween so they could â€Å"trick or treat.† None of the kids even knew what â€Å"trick or treating† was. After making field trip forms and sending them home with all the children. The children came back with one of them signed. So Conroy went door to door asking begging each of the parents to let their children go. Throughout the story Pat Conroy took the children many places. Unfortunately Mrs. Brown and Ted Stone accused him of doing many wrong things. He was not able to return the next year. Even if Conroy did not teach the children anything, he still felt they would be able to survive in the outside world. I like this book. It made me very thankful that I have a good education. I also like the way Pat Conroy writes. In the future, I hope to read some of his other books. My favorite part of the book was when they would listen to the music of different artists, I also liked when they would play outside and he would tell about how they played so roughly. This was the best book I have read in a long time. The one part I did not really like was how it did not really tell when the story took place. I also did not like all the description. I think people of all ages should read this book. How to cite The Method of Teaching Conroy’s Used, Papers

Job Performance

Question: What are theJob design benefits employers through increased job performance? Answer: The objective of every business organization is to accumulate several tasks to prepare a service or a product that will provide benefit to the customer and make profit through the process. To operate such business organization, the most important part is the utilization of the human resource within the organization so that they provide maximum advantage to the company. Therefore human resource department of every organization is associated with the effort of the increased performance of their employees (Davenport, 2013). To increase the performance of the employees most of the employer emphasize on the job design to benefit both the organization as well as the employees. The objective of this essay is to argue w about the Job design only benefits employers through increased job performance; it has no benefits for workers. The discussion will also focus on the organizational aspect and the behavioral aspect of the organization and the employees that demonstrate the benefit for both (C erasoli, Nicklin Ford, 2014). Therefore, a large part of the discussion is associated with the justification whether it benefits the organization only or it also benefits the employees. The essay is focused on different views on the topic that includes the discussion. View of several authors is discussed in three particular segments where first group is supporting the view that only organization gets the benefit of the job design. Through a contradictory logic, another group of author has supported the view that only employees are getting the benefit of the job design because without employees there is no existence of the organization (Wood, Van Veldhoven, Croon de Menezes, 2012). At the same time the discussion of the essay also get the opinion from another group of author that organization and employees booth are equally benefitted through job design because both are correlated with each other. However the arguments is summarized in a manner to establish the fact that job desig n benefit both the organization as well as employees because they are dependent on each other. Discussion - Job design benefits employers through increased job performance Job design benefits employers through increased job performance is always a true word from the employee perspective because it helps the organization from the increased performance. According to Korschun, Bhattacharya Swain (2014) every organization always try to improve their performance to continue the growth. To continue with the growth of the organization improvement in every aspect is important that also includes the job design. Job design is the part of the performance that helps to increase the productivity of the employees. Job design is dedicated to the improvement by changing the different functionalities of the organization and the responsibility of the employees (Bartling, Fehr Schmidt, 2012). Improve job design therefore increase the responsibility of the employees at the same time it also help to make the job easier for them. Most of the time it is expected that improve job design will make the job easier and increase the involvement of the employees. On the other han d, Eisenberger Malone Presson (2016) has contradicted the view and said that job design highly influence the working pattern of the employees. The first thing that is associated with the job design is the employee engagement and that creates the dissatisfaction among the employees (Dwyer 2013). Most of the employees try to reduce the workload, which is not possible with the job design process. Proper way of job design only help the employees by simplifying the process. Therefore, organizations always try to simplify the job so that less number of employees can do more number of jobs in less time to increase the productivity. Maintaining the productivity of the organization, the most important part is to place their employees according to their domain in selected functionalities, which is also the part of the job design (Bartling, Fehr Schmidt, 2012). Therefore, from both the view it is clear that job design provide all-round benefit to the organization whereas employees do not get any benefit from it. Job design is the part of the organizations improvement that helps to assess the employees to make their job simpler for them. From the organizational context, there is lot of benefit to the company because they are getting increased productivity and more profitability however according to Kehoe Wright (2013), job design also benefits the employees in many ways. With an improved job design, the allocation of job will be perfect that help every employee to make his or her task efficiently. If the employees are able to make their task efficiently then it will increase the employee benefit. The proper job design will also increase the competitiveness of the employees in such a way that will help them to perform well within the organization. Therefore, if employees are performing well then they will get promotion and career growth, which is also an employee benefit. More number of people will get the benefit in the organization and the organization will increase t he productivity. On the other hand, Parker (2014) has argued that there is a ratio of the benefit among the employees and the organization. The ratio is always higher in the organizational side because organization is getting the collective benefit of every employee. On the other hand, Shantz (2013) has opined that benefit of the organization and benefit of employees due to job design is equal because smaller benefit of every benefit results in the larger benefit of the organization. When someone will calculates the sum of benefit, then will be the collective effort of the each employee; that has enabled the organization to get the bigger benefit (Lin, Wong Ho, 2013). It is the vice versa effect of the job design that actually benefits employees only by improving performance. By the increased performance, every employee becomes eligible for promotions and other career options. More often increased job performance increase the job security of the employees that is one of the major b enefits of the job design. To support his view Cerasoli, Nicklin Ford (2014) has stated that job design is the process that only benefits employees because it help to enhance employee input through employee training, work rest schedule and work adjustment whereas organization is not getting no such benefit that will benefit the organization. Cerasoli, Nicklin Ford (2014) has also opined that organization has no existence without its employees therefore benefit of job design is also associated only with the employees of the organization however employee growth also trigger the growth of the organization that is the end result. According to Wood et al. (2012) Job design is the process that help the employees to work in a better way so that they can put their best effort to enhance their performance. At the same time when employees are performing well the overall performance of the organization is also enhancing. Therefore, organization is earning more profit, which is distributed among the employees as the bonus of the enhanced performance (Lin, Wong Ho, 2013). Therefore, it is clear that both organization and employees are benefitted through the job design, which can be stated that employers and employees both are benefitted through a better way of working within an organization. On the other hand, Lange (2012) has opined that job design is a continuously changing process that helps the employer and the organization to adopt the current trend in the market. It also helps to increase the competitive advantage as compared to the competitors by enhancing the performance. Similarly, employees are getting the benefit of completing the task in a simpler way, that enhancing the job satisfaction and reduce the attrition rate within the organization. These kind of situation is clearly benefiting both because due to good performance employees are getting job security and organization is getting the business and performance stability. To support this view Jensen, Pat el Messersmith (2013) has opined that neither employers nor employees are able to move forward without each others contribution therefore if there is any imbalance in the benefit among them then the whole system will collapse with lot of dissatisfaction. Job design is the processes that automatically benefit both and enhance the organizational performance. Conclusion Job design only benefits employers through increased job performance; it has no benefits for workers has develop the argument in support and against that finds several views. The most eminent view is that job design benefit both employer and employee by improving the organizational performance. The discussion also enlightens the benefit of employer and employees separately to understand the ratio. In the discussion few authors are supporting the view because they are saying that ultimate benefit is going to the employer on the other hand another group of author is saying that employees are getting the benefit from job design. However, from the essay it can be summarized that it is wrong to say that Job design only benefits employers through increased job performance; it has no benefits for workers because both are co related with each other and benefit is distributed equally to them. References Bartling, B., Fehr, E., Schmidt, K. M. (2012). Screening, competition, and job design: Economic origins of good jobs. The American Economic Review,102(2), 834-864.Cerasoli, C. P., Nicklin, J. M., Ford, M. T. (2014). Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic incentives jointly predict performance: A 40-year meta-analysis.Psychological Bulletin, 140(4), 980.Davenport, T. H. (2013). Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business Press.Dwyer, J 2013 Communication for Business and the Professions, Strategies and Skills, 5th ed., Pearson Education, Australia pp. 627-630.Eisenberger, R., Malone, G. P., Presson, W. D. (2016). Optimizing Perceived Organizational Support to Enhance Employee Engagement.Jensen, J. M., Patel, P. C., Messersmith, J. G. (2013). High-performance work systems and job control consequences for anxiety, role overload, and turnover intentions. Journal of Management, 39(6), 1699-1724.Kehoe, R. R., Wright, P. M. (2013). The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees attitudes and behaviors. Journal of management, 39(2), 366-391.Korschun, D., Bhattacharya, C. B., Swain, S. D. (2014). Corporate social responsibility, customer orientation, and the job performance of frontline employees. Journal of Marketing, 78(3), 20-37.Lange, T. (2012). Job satisfaction and self-employment: autonomy or personality?. Small Business Economics, 38(2), 165-177.Lin, J. H., Wong, J. Y., Ho, C. H. (2013). Promoting frontline employees' quality of life: Leisure benefit systems and work-to-leisure conflicts. Tourism Management, 36, 178-187.Parker, S. K. (2014). Beyond motivation: Job and work design for development, health, ambidexterity, and more. Annual review of psychology,65, 661-691.Shantz, A., Alfes, K., Truss, C., Soane, E. (2013). The role of employee engagement in the relationship between job design and task performance, citizenship and deviant behaviours. The International Journal of Human Resource Manag ement, 24(13), 2608-2627.Wood, S., Van Veldhoven, M., Croon, M., de Menezes, L. M. (2012). Enriched job design, high involvement management and organizational performance: The mediating roles of job satisfaction and well-being. Human relations, 65(4), 419-445.

Yousif Saleh Essays (972 words) - Epistemology, Skepticism, Doubt

Yousif Saleh Philyaw, 3rd AP Lang 11/29/15 Relationship between Certainty and Doubt The generic notion that miracles can be made with certainty seems unrealistic. This belief claims that anything can be achieved with the impossible being surpassed. However, there are set boundaries and limits that restrict a person from accomplishing "virtually anything" as Phelps asserts. Rarely can someone be certain about an issue because there are many factors that cause doubt. Certainty can create many complications in one's mindset, making them oblivious to other options. It is impractical to obtain "absolute certainty" as doubt plays a necessary role to success. Doubt is crucial to the attainment of success as it makes one open-minded and causes them to consider other opportunities and view things in different perspectives. Both certainty and doubt are needed to be successful. If either one is more prevalent than the other, then it breaks the balance between them and results in imminent failure. The dominance of doubt renders a person from achieving anything. With both notion s intact, certainty can motivate someone to accomplish their desires and dreams, while doubt can force someone to realize the roadblocks standing in the way, and thus working out ways to solve the issues. When used accordingly then can someone achieve "virtually anything" as Phelps says. As stated in the previous paragraph, without the equality of both perspectives it is nearly impossible to obtain success. When certainty triumphs over doubt, it causes someone to be blinded by their belief. This blindness gives rise to inevitable failure because only the outcome is contemplated. For example, a stockowner should never place all his/her investments into one business because once the business shuts down, it leads to either bankruptcy or the loss of money. It's the same concept of putting all your eggs into one basket, if anything happens to the basket, you lose your eggs in a swift and painful moment. The certainty that a business will succeed is being idealistic because there might be situations that can lead businesses to shut down, for example the weather. A hurricane can without a doubt destroy a business. With doubt, comes insurance, which is always the best way to prepare for the worst. Getting back to the example with the stockowner, if the stockowner has the sam e amount of doubt as certainty, then he/she will invest in many business. Doubt will make the stockowner hesitate to fully trust one business and will prompt him/her to consider more options. Also, Phelps perspective of how anything is possible seems too good to be true. Obviously, there are factors that prevent the impossible. Phelps uses "absolute certainty" lightly because there is no way someone can have absolute certainty. Nothing in this world is perfect and there are many flaws in everything that exists in the world. One example of this is a proposal, no man is certain that the woman he wants to marry, will say yes. This includes couples who are head over heels, and those that have been in the relationship in a long time. They have already developed a committed relationship, yet there will always be nerves leading up to the proposal, which is universally common. Phelps affirms that one can "accomplish virtually anything" as if nothing in the world is impossible. Impossible fe ats have been accomplished, but only because doubt made the entity strive for perfection. The same implications apply for doubt, the dominance of doubt over certainty will cause hesitation that will prevent anything from getting done. Doubting oneself isn't a positive measure as it generates cowardness and fearfulness. With these thoughts it is nearly hopeless to be motivated. An example of this type of hopelessness, is someone who is unhappy because he/she is stuck at a dead end job and continues to work there because they feel as though they are not qualified for any other job. They make excuses to need apply to other jobs, because in their minds, they think that they will never obtain another job. There must be certainty to achieve one's goals and dreams to set the quality between them. With a little bit of certainty, someone can have hope. The equilibrium of these two ideals are necessary for success in life.

Free Essays on My Philosophy Of Education

My teaching philosophy is based on a personal belief that the most important thing anyone can accomplish in life is to help others learn how to succeed. The main goal of education is to prepare students for the life ahead of them. I believe social studies in particular is an essential part of the curriculum. It serves as a function to help students understand human relations that occurred in the past, are in many ways occurring now, and will likely take place again. This discernment may help students foster and expand beliefs that will make it more likely that they will be able to determine in any situation what is the best thing to do. In the classroom, I like to think that my methods will combine the best of long-established practices with the best of the new. Some topics must be taught through textbook and lecture. There are also some topics that can be taught more effectively through hands-on or even technological approaches. My students and their interests are my focus when deciding which method to deliver. I want to focus on the learning styles of my students when designing a lesson plan, recognizing that learning styles vary from student to student. Change is a large factor when making lesson plans; what worked last year or for a different class may not necessarily work now. I feel that teachers should constantly continue their own education and stay well-informed with current trends in order to always be adaptable to ever changing classroom settings. My responsibility as a social studies teacher is to imagine and create places of learning. My classroom shall be structured as if it were a community. The structured environment will help students to feel safe and secure. I will mediate as students are able to communicate with each other as well as respect each other?s opinions. An environment with strict rules about behavior, rights, and respect for individual diversity will provide a place where studen... Free Essays on My Philosophy Of Education Free Essays on My Philosophy Of Education My teaching philosophy is based on a personal belief that the most important thing anyone can accomplish in life is to help others learn how to succeed. The main goal of education is to prepare students for the life ahead of them. I believe social studies in particular is an essential part of the curriculum. It serves as a function to help students understand human relations that occurred in the past, are in many ways occurring now, and will likely take place again. This discernment may help students foster and expand beliefs that will make it more likely that they will be able to determine in any situation what is the best thing to do. In the classroom, I like to think that my methods will combine the best of long-established practices with the best of the new. Some topics must be taught through textbook and lecture. There are also some topics that can be taught more effectively through hands-on or even technological approaches. My students and their interests are my focus when deciding which method to deliver. I want to focus on the learning styles of my students when designing a lesson plan, recognizing that learning styles vary from student to student. Change is a large factor when making lesson plans; what worked last year or for a different class may not necessarily work now. I feel that teachers should constantly continue their own education and stay well-informed with current trends in order to always be adaptable to ever changing classroom settings. My responsibility as a social studies teacher is to imagine and create places of learning. My classroom shall be structured as if it were a community. The structured environment will help students to feel safe and secure. I will mediate as students are able to communicate with each other as well as respect each other?s opinions. An environment with strict rules about behavior, rights, and respect for individual diversity will provide a place where studen...

Achievement standard 91329 study exemplar Essay Example for Free (#91329)

Achievement standard 91329 study exemplar Essay ? Anaerobic training is used to enhance performance in non-endurance activities to promote strength, speed and power and also to strengthen muscles in a shorter amount of time. Anaerobic training triggers two main energy systems: the high energy phosphate systems, (adenine triphosphate (ATP) and creatine phosphate (CP)) and the anaerobic glycolysis system. High energy phosphates are used in small doses within muscle cells and the anaerobic glycolysis system is used in the absence of oxygen inside the cells or when ATP is needed in higher quantities but it cannot be produced fast enough during aerobic metabolism. These energy systems will help to build strength within the muscles and will contribute to a better health and well-being. Demonstrate in-depth understanding on the bodies’ physiological responses from participating in the session. During my training my body was exerting a lot of ATP around my body to give me energy to do the workout. I worked between 75-90% of my max heart rate because the workouts I was doing were very short but intense which meant I had to work harder to get the maximum amount of ATP out of my body. I noticed that after my workouts I was fatigued because the ATP energy within the muscle cells around the area of work had been all used up. Demonstrate comprehensive understanding of the strength and weaknesses of the application of the method of training. You should show an interrelationship between the biophysical principles. Anaerobic training is really good in context to the various sports I participate in because in netball, basketball and touch you are not always on the move but you have to exert small bursts of energy at a time e.g. following the opposition on defence, dribbling the ball towards the hoop and running with the touch ball. The small exerts of energy are using a high build-up of ATP within the muscle cells. Being able to keep working through the pain of working at a 75-90% max heart rate helps to burn fat faster and build muscle. Task 3: Demonstrate comprehensive understanding of the application of biophysical principles. (a)Demonstrate comprehensive understanding of the application of three methods of training (methods of training may include: continuous, fartlek, circuit, interval (short and long), flexibility, resistance and plyometric) you have used in your training programme. Method of training: Short interval training I used short interval training in my training programme because I wanted to challenge myself and improve my health and well-being in a short amount of time. I order to do this I had to work between a 75-90% max heart rate so that my muscles and heart were working as hard as they could to produce maximum physical results. I decided to work at a 2:1 work/rest ratio so my body had enough rest to produce more ATP and so my heart rate can lower a bit so I have to work harder to build it up again. I tried to move as little as possible during rest time so my body has enough time to lower as low as it possibly can before rising again to the same heart rate. During my training I noticed that I was talking to myself various times in a workout telling myself to keep going and reminding myself of the number of reps that were left. This showed that my brain was also being trained along with my muscles and the brain is one of the hardest muscles to train in the body. Method of training: Plyometric training I used plyometric training to build power and speed in my legs by speed skipping and double under skipping. This type of training is important to building power and speed in my lower body by pushing my muscles to move from extension to contraction in a short time at an explosive rate. When doing double under skipping I experienced very small shocks on landing in which my hip, knee and ankle extensors endured a powerful eccentric contraction. When this happened my muscles were forced to tense. The eccentric contraction is then quickly switched to the isometric (when I stopped moving downwards) and then the concentric contractions, in a rapid time frame which is repeated many times. Isometric contraction always occurs in the transition from the  eccentric to the concentric contraction, but in this rapid transition it is practically eliminated. This is builds strength in legs which can be important to runners when leaving a starting block. The reason why I used this method of training was mainly to build strength in my legs which is beneficial to my lower body. Method of training: Fartlek training Fartlek training was used in my training programme to provide variation to the normal training I did. This placed stress on my aerobic and anaerobic systems and I allowed me to work as fast or as slow as I needed to. Between the high intensity running, I did easy and less strenuous jogging to recover for the next high intensity sprint and I could alter the periods of time that I did high intensity and low intensity running which was a bonus to myself. The benefits of the fartlek training were that I could alter the intensity level to suit myself and it was effective to have the two intensities put into one workout. Having this choice to alter the workout did not stop me from pushing myself though. Fartlek training helped to strengthen my legs and improve my breathing so I could maintain at a high speed for a longer period of time. Choose four principles of training. Principles of training may include the F.I.T.T principle (frequency, intensity, time, type), as well as specificity, progression, reversibility, rest and variety. Demonstrate in depth how and why these were applied to the methods of training in your programme. Principle of training: Intensity How did you apply it to your training programme? I specified the intensity of the workout on my training programme before I started working out so I knew to work at a high intensity or a low intensity. To work out my max heart rate I used the max heart rate chart on the wall in the weights room and I double checked it by using the max heart rate formula: 220 – age, which made my max heart rate 204 bpm. I specified in my training programme that I would be working between 75% and 90% of my max heart rate so I used a heart rate app on my phone because we did not have a heart rate monitor at school and double checked it by putting my hand on my pulse and timing it with a stop watch for a minute which would give me  my bpm straight after the workout. This would ensure that I was working between 150-180 bpm. Why did you apply it to your training programme? I applied intensity in my training programme because it kept my heart rate between the 75% and 90% max heart rate. I was working at a very high intensity which caused oxygen transfer into my muscles to be harder. Due to the anaerobic training I did in my training programme, the periods of time I could work within the 75-90% max heart rate area increased and I could easily get rid of the lactic acid that had built up to use within other energy systems in my body. Principle of training: Frequency How did you apply it to your training programme? I ensured that before I started my training programme that I would be training on specific days within the three week period that we were given to complete the training. I wrote these dates down before I started, determining which days I would train and which days I would rest. This assured the teacher supervising and I that I had to follow this plan and stick to the days designated for training. Why did you apply it to your training programme? I applied frequency in my training programme because it helped to balance the amount of stress I put on myself to adapt to the training and allowing enough time to rest and recover. In addition with the foods I ate within the time allocated to train, training frequently (about 4 or 5 times a week) helped my body to burn calories for my health and well-being in which my training programme was intended to improve. Principle of training: Specificity  How did you apply it to your training programme?  To apply specificity in my training programme I had to do a lot of written work before I had even started training. Not only did I specify the days on which I would train or rest, I had to also specify the amount of time I was going to train or do each activity for, what type of training was going to be involved on each day, what specific activities I was going to do with or without equipment on each day and the max heart rate area I was going to be  working within for the day’s session. I did this by writing all down in my training programme before the three week period and then following each session recorded for each date. Because I was merely training to improve my health and well-being I could do a variety of training within my training programme to improve specific parts of my body e.g. plyometric training to build speed and strength in my lower body and fartlek training to improve my breathing while running. Why did you apply it to your training programme? I applied specificity in my training programme because it was forward thinking and helped me to stick to the plan I had set out and be more organised on the training day. Because my training programme was designed specifically to improve my health and well-being I was not training for a purpose such as interval sprints to improve 100m sprints. Making sure that each training session was specific allowed me to train various parts of my body rather than training for a specific activity likt long distance running. Principle of training: Variety How did you apply it to your training programme? I used different methods of training within my training programme to create variety. Each training session in my training programme was different and I was using a different method of training each day e.g. On Monday 26th August 2013, I used plyometric training as my method of training followed by short interval training on Tuesday 27th August 2013. I also mixed methods of training in my workout to create even more variety and test my body’s adaption capacity e.g. adding skipping in to a short interval workout to incorporate a plyometric aspect into my workout. Why did you apply it to your training programme? The main reason I applied variety in my training programme was to prevent boredom from doing the same thing during the three week training period. In my training programme not one training session was the same, some consisted of elements from other sessions but none were exactly the same. I did this because it gave me a chance to work different areas of my body using different methods of training. Training programme evaluation Strengths of training programme. I think that the main strength in my training programme was the variety and intensity that my training programme offered. Due to the lack of specified purpose for training, I could experiment with my trainings and evaluate on whether that session was a success or needed improvement. This proved to be a benefit for my body because I was able to work all parts of my body in the one workout rather that working on only one area of my body. This provided minute amounts of muscle and resistance of energy system developments which was a huge benefit to my psychological health because I knew that this training was working and gave me more self-confidence. Because I added variety into my training programme, especially into my short interval training, it helped to build strength and speed faster than if I did the same training each session. Another strength within my training programme was the simplicity of it. It was easy to follow and I didn’t need to use much equipment in the gym which makes my training programme easy to follow and someone else could easily use it to train with. Weaknesses of training programme. Using methods of training that worked mainly my lower body was one of my weaknesses because it did not provide me with adequate upper body training. Because I used plyometric and fartlek training methods which both worked my lower body muscle groups and they did not benefit my upper body. Also the duration of the short interval training session I did were a bit too long, especially during the first week of the training period, so I was fatigued very early in the session and it was hard to carry on working at the rate I started at. What modifications would you make to the application of the biophysical principles used in your programme? To improve the application of my biophysical principles used in my programme, I would alter it to focus on one specific physical activity but only doing different kinds of workouts that will help to improve that physical activity like doing different workouts focusing on running if I wanted to improve my running skills. Doing this will allow me to accurately measure whether my training is working by looking at results from before I started training and after I have finished training. I would also start with low intensity workouts during the first  week and then eventually elevating the intensity over the weeks following to minimise the fatigue levels while working out. By doing this it will allow my body time to adapt to the intensity and stress of the workouts. Achievement standard 91329 study exemplar. (2016, May 12).

Globalization Transforms a Planet into a Flat World Coursework

Globalization Transforms a Planet into a Flat World - Coursework Example Thomas Friedman indicates that the world has now become flat and recommends that people embrace the changes as fast as they can. He also says that the globalization might not be in its finale but it is just on its early stages towards more developments. Friedman indicates in amazement that people might find themselves in his situation if action is not taken to be at par with the developments taking place in the world. Friedman (2005) indicates that he found himself ‘behind’ new technology at the time of conducting his research.New technologies had come up at the time of his research, and Friedman could not believe how people were in a position to hold meetings with people all over the world without their physical presence. In short, Friedman meant to say that new technologies are coming up, and it is a high time people get ready to embrace the new changes. He claims that other parts of the world have already embraced change, and are on the verge of restructuring their sy stems to welcome many more that may knock their doors.In Abowitz and Roberts (2007) work, it is justified to argue that technology is one of the many reasons that led to Friedman indication that the world may be leveled. Pollack (2005) argues that among the most important forms of technology is outsourcing. Over the years, many countries have been on the run to acquire millions and billions of shillings to invest in the technological sector. All forms of technological advancement were welcome by all states no matter how minute, so long as they proved their ability to move the country an inch further towards technological advancement. With this taking place, Brakman and Marrewijk (2007) argue that it became easier for the world, not only to store data but also to access to all undertakings in the world. As a result, computers became extremely cheap with more producers venturing into this market.

Modern Asian Theatre Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Modern Asian Theatre - Research Paper Example In this regard, this paper will be divided into three parts. The first part will provide a brief review on what theatre is and its basic foundations, as well as describe the common characteristics of Asian theatre. The second part will zero in on Indonesian theatre and its tight connection with the country’s socio-political history. The last part will present a conclusion that justifies the paper’s thesis—that modern Indonesian theatre is a strong reflection of the birth and growth of a nation. Theatre, unlike painting and sculpture, can be regarded as a unique art form for it consists of actors that perform in real time before a live audience. Although it is difficult to trace the exact origin of theatre, most scholars and historians agree that the first known dramatic presentation happened in Africa, possibly as early as 3300 B.C. The basic foundations of dramatic presentations are anchored on the culture and tradition of people. As such, theatre is comprised of two essential elements—ritual and storytelling (Cohen 222). A ritual is a collective ceremony performed by members of society for religious and cultural reasons. Ethnic plays are usually filled with activities that aim at impressing or advocating a specific belief over its intended audience (like the killing of an animal to worship a god or dancing uninhibitedly to celebrate an important occasion). Storytelling as a key component of theatre, on the other hand, necessitates an audience to artistically relay a significant message. Because of this, storytelling plays often generate character impersonation and utilize a more coherent narrative. Asian theatre, unlike Western ones that put premium on the clear narration of a story, is more sensual and melodic. Thus, it is claimed that there are five common characteristics of Asian theatre (whether it be an Indian Sanskrit drama, a Chinese Xiqu or a Japanese Kabuki): Its language are

A Business Case for an ISO 14001 Certification Essay Example for Free

A Business Case for an ISO 14001 Certification Essay A Business Case for an ISO 14001 Certification A Final Project Presented to the Faculty of the School of Business In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Science in Business Administration By Abstract of Thesis A Business Case for an ISO 14001 Certification By Problem In response to the raising awareness of damage to the environment, a series of standards for environmental management systems called The ISO 14000 was introduced in 1996. It provides guidelines on the ingredients that an environmental management should necessarily posses and also on the supporting technologies. These standards were not so specific as regards to how it should be done rather it more emphasizes on what should be done. ISO 14000 is an environmental management standards designed to guarantee products and services to cover the minimum environmental impact. The ISO 14000 series takes the international standards system to the field of environmental concerns. ISO 14001 focuses on the development and maintenance of an Environmental Management System, within the ISO 14000 series. The ISO 14000 series is of relatively recent origin, having been instituted in 1991. However, it has emerged as a significant force within a short time. The ISO 14000 series is relevant for the world of business, for governments and regulators, for organizations that work not-for-profit and for entities of all types and sizes, wherever they may be. Its universal nature makes it a unique and dominant system for all people who are concerned with pollution, waste and about the consumption of resources that are limited and which cannot be renewed. ISO 14000 promotes professional conduct. Training people and involving them in key processes lie at the heart of the ISO 14000 system. The rigors of certification serve to develop human resources. It can serve to motivate people at all levels of the hierarchy, and to foster team spirit. The ISO 14000 system is not limited to altruism and to noble intentions. It is worth hard cash. ISO 14001 puts great pressure to bear on achieving productivity improvements that translate to valuable cost savings. Major international corporations enjoy impressive profit growth through the ISO 14000 series. All ISO certifications carry the benefits of independent and international recognition. ISO extension in to the field of environmental concerns through the 14000 series brings desirable pressure on companies that produce hazardous substances and which generate enormous amounts of waste. Customers everywhere have the choice to insist on ISO 14000 certifications. Companies may find themselves excluded from significant market segments if they continue to ignore or to avoid ISO 14000. Some organizations may find themselves out of business if they do not secure ISO 14000 certification. Apple leads a galaxy of the world’s most respected enterprises in using ISO 14001 certification as a cornerstone of competitive strategy. Lithium ion battery technology is an example of innovation that a commitment to environmental conservation can present. Solutions inspired by ISO 14001 can have welcome economic benefits, apart from noble achievements in terms of environmental conservation. Reduction in energy consumption is an outstanding example, since power generation can be both expensive as well as polluting. ISO 14000 calls for abiding commitment on the part of all entities that seek certification. The system consumes major portions of employee time. ISO 14000 becomes a major element of cost, though it does produce handsome returns. The ISO 14000 series follows a highly structured implementation procedure. There is comprehensive documentation widely available that any organization can use to enter the system. Most organizations find it expedient to use consultants to guide them through the process. Independent auditors are inevitable. External auditors must be knowledgeable, experienced and accredited. ISO 14000 has important weaknesses. Loss of proprietary information is the most serious risk. Certified companies may find that their defenses have been compromised in the event of litigation. This arises from the documentation and management reviews that are integral to ISO 14000. ISO 14000 leaves organizations free to choose their own goals, priorities and standards. It therefore lends itself to potential abuse by organizations that may push important social concerns to the background, or to prevaricate about deleterious aspects of environmental degradation. Some organizations may not be able to fund the investments in time and money that ISO 14000 requires. The benefits may therefore evade small enterprises. ISO 14000 documentation needs can also duplicate documentation that other systems and some regulations require. Training and audit infrastructure is inadequate for widespread and global application of ISO 14000. Some organizations, especially in remote regions can find themselves excluded though they may wish to enlist. ISO 14000 confines itself to the environment. It does not consider issues of human wellness. There are many community concerns that ISO 14000 does not address. It is not a guarantee of ethical performance of an organization on all fronts. Business interests may be served best if companies were to use ISO 14000 for internal review, without going in for certification or even registration. It would then be an effective tool of risk management without opening the firm to unwelcome public scrutiny. As stated ISO 14000 can prove to be a significant undertaking that can task the resources of any size organization, if the task is undertaken correctly and managed well the benefits will outweigh the costs in many ways, from financial to organizational image. Method The Historical/Case study method is used in this thesis. The study consists of real life cases gathered from, various sources. These cases are evaluated for relevance as well as content. Cases used will be from varying sizes and types of organizations, public and private as well as local and international. Further research analysis by overview of the statistical research methods, selection of the sample and descriptive statistics is also used in this thesis as a corroborative evidence to substantiate the findings of this thesis. Conclusion This study has shown that ISO 14000 certification can tax the resources of organizations, but in the majority of cases the end result has proven that the benefits of certification exceed the costs. The study of the data presented has demonstrated that, for most organizations, not implementing ISO 14000 can be much more costly than implementation. Recently several universities, including the University of Michigan, suspended contracts with Coca Cola on campuses (Dump Coke at U of M, 2005). While several reasons are given for the suspension of contacts at the campuses including human rights violations, specifically mentioned is â€Å"Environmental Devastation† in India. Perception is key for business in today’s global economy, being able to prove environmental responsibility as stewardship on the organizations behalf can result in the loss or gain of business. Table of Contents Chapter No Headings Page No Chapter 1 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY AND INTRODUCTION 6 Statement of the Problem 7 Purpose of the Study 10 Scope of the Study 11 Rationale of the Study 12 Definition of Terms 12. Overview of the Study 17 Chapter 2 REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE 2. 1 Introduction 21 2. 2 The Sustainability Imperative for Environmental Management 23 2. 3 Image Incentives for Environmental Management 25 2. 4 The Lines of Business 30 2. 5 Implemental aspects 31 2. 6 ISO 14000 and Global Trends 31 2. 7 ISO 14001 and Profits 34 2. 8 ISO 14001 and Seasonal Business 37 2. 9 ISO 14001 and Building Projects 39 2. 10 ISO 14001 and Equator Principles 40 2. 11 SME Experience with ISO 14001 41 2. 12 Summary of Benefits of Environmental Management Systems 44 2. 13 What is it? 46 2. 14 Environmental Labeling and ISO 14000 50 2. 15 ISO 14001 for International Corporations 53 2. 16 ISO 14001 in Mergers and Acquisitions 58 2. 17 Detailing Product Life Cycles 58 2. 18 Specific Benefits That Business Can Expect From ISO 63 2. 19 ISO 9000 AND ISO 14000 65 Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY Approach 66 Data Gathering Method 67 Data Base of Study 68 Validity of Data 68 Originality and Limitation of Data 69 Summary 70 Chapter 4 DATA ANALYSIS 4. 1 BAXTER INTERNATIONAL INC 71 4. 2 ELI LILLY 72 4. 3 Beyond Compliance by Baxter and Eli Lilly. 74 4. 3. 1 EPA ‘s 33 / 50 program 74. 4. 3. 2 Responsible Care Compliance 75 4. 3. 3 Green Products 75 4. 3. 4 Environment Audits 76 4. 4 An analysis of Environment compliance by Baxter and Lilly. 76 4. 5 Policy Dynamics 76 4. 6 Baxter International Inc and Environment Compliance 77 4. 6. 1 Baxter’s Environment Performance –At a glance. 78 4. 6. 2 Green House Gas Emission 80 4. 63 Reduction in Emissions in Carbon Di Oxide 81 4. 6. 4 Baxter Historical Performance as reported in 1997 81 4. 6. 5 Baxter’s Environment Program through year 2010 81 4. 6. 6 Baxter’s Cost Savings due to Environmental initiatives 82 4. 6. 7 Environment Performance Data of Baxter 83 4. 6. 8 Baxter’s Cost Reduction Data’s 84 4. 6. 9 The Toxic Release Inventory and the 33/50 Program by Baxter and Lilly. 85 4. 7 Baxter and Lilly ISO 14000 -Response 86 4. 8 Blue Scope Steel and ISO 14000 86 4. 9 ISO 14000 Rockwell Automation, Twinsburg –Ohio 87 4. 10 Plasti Color -Ohio 88 4. 11 Xerox Corporation 88 4. 12 IBM 88 4. 13 Carter Holt Harvey Tissue –New Zealand 89 4. 14 3M Corporation 89 4. 15 Case studies of ISO 14001 Companies 91 4. 16 Coca-Cola 95 4. 17 Research Approach Methodological of Sample Collection 98 4. 18 Methods of Resources 98 4. 19 Description of dependent and Independent variables –Table -1 99 4. 20 Table 2- Entity Type 101 4. 21 Table 3 – Categories of NED 102 4. 22 Table 4-Multiple Regression results for test Of H1 through H 4. 103 Chapter 5 SUMMARY , RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSIONS 105 REFERENCES 118 List of Table and Charts Chapter No Headings Page No Chapter 4 4. 6. 1 Baxter’s Environment Performance –At a glance. 78 4. 6. 2 Green House Gas Emission 80 4. 63 Reduction in Emissions in Carbon Di Oxide 81 4. 6. 6 Baxter’s Cost Savings due to Environmental initiatives 82. 4. 6. 7 Environment Performance Data of Baxter 83 4. 6. 8 Baxter’s Cost Reduction Data’s 84 4. 15 Case studies of ISO 14001 Companies 91 4. 19 Description of dependent and Independent variables –Table -1 99 4. 20 Table 2- Entity Type 101 4. 21 Table 3 – Categories of NED 102 4. 22 Table 4-Multiple Regression results for test Of H1 through H 4. 103 A Business Case for an ISO 14001 Certification A Case Study Chapter 1 Importance of the study and Introduction Several industries are trying very hard to change their public image as environmentally â€Å"unfriendly†. The oil industry with its need to seek more sources, often in wilderness areas, chemical companies which have in the past legally dumped toxic waste, the timber industries and the automotive industry which continues to produce large gas guzzling SUV’s and trucks are all very sensitive to public perception. Perception is very powerful and a company does not want to be perceived as harmful to the environment or not environmentally friendly. Frequency of industrial accidents and media publicities such as the publication of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring (1962) highlighted the environmental consequences of unfettered industrialization . Respecting the public concerns; the United States Congress has made several laws stipulating environmental standards and technologies for manufacturing companies. Only after Rio Summit in 1992, the policy makers seem to have acceded the fact that the governmental coercion alone will not bring any success and right incentives must be provided to the industries. In recent years, United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has launched voluntary beyond –compliance programs such as Green Lights, Project XL and 33/50. The ISO 14000 certification system can be used as a tool to not just say that are concerned about the environment, but to show what you have been doing, are doing and will be doing to improve your performance. In doing so you should be able to add to your bottom line, both direct and indirect. As more and more of these companies will seek and obtain the ISO 14000 certification and they require suppliers to do so as well. This study seeks to contribute to the on-going debate within some sections of industry about the economics of ISO 14001. It is known that large corporations invest in registrations, often under duress from social activists. But is there money to be gained by following the system? Can there be purely business reasons for seeking ISO 14001 certification? Can smaller enterprises participate? These are some of the questions that this study seeks to answer. Statement of the Problem The problem; organizations have a need to show environmental stewardship but what is the cost of doing so and how so they justify the cost to management and/or shareholders. Today companies and organizations face many financial challenges and to survive in the global economy they must be fiscally responsible. There is also a need to be considered environmentally responsible and perceived as such. The ISO 14OOO series specifies beyond –compliance management systems . These standards have been sponsored by the International Organization for Standardization, a Geneva -based non governmental organization . ISO 14000 could be viewed as an industrial code of practice that needs to be certified by external auditors. Currently such certification costs about $ 20000 per facility. The cost has acted as a barrier for many financially weak corporations to have the ISO 14000 Certification for their facilities. Recently several universities, including the University of Michigan and New York University, suspended contracts with Coca Cola on campuses (Dump Coke at U of M, 2005). While several reasons are given for the suspension of contacts at the campuses including human rights violations, specifically mentioned is â€Å"Environmental Devastation† in India. Perception is key for business in today’s global economy, being able to prove environmental responsibility and stewardship on the organizations behalf can result in the loss or gain of business. Most companies still have a choice whether to obtain certification or not and the best illustration for this is Baxter International Inc and Eli Lilly , a U. S based multinational Companies , the details are discussed in the Research Analysis chapter in this thesis. However, more and more must obtain certification to maintain their status in the supply chains of other companies. To ensure suppliers are meeting environmental benchmarks, manufacturers such as General Motors Corp, Ford Motor Co, DaimlerChrysler, IBM, Xerox, Honda Corporation, Toyota are requiring suppliers to be ISO 14001 certified. Generating environmentally damaging emissions and waste is often an indication of an un-optimized production process, and manufacturers that implement ISO 14001 requirements can realize improvements in efficiency and profitability and retain their positions in OEM supply chains†. (Susan Gilbert-Miller n. d). It is very likely that both public and private demand for environmental responsibility will continue to fuel the shift towards certification as proof of doing so. In the global economy today an ISO 14000 certification could become as important, to show a companys environmental responsibility, as ISO or QS 9000 is to show a commitment to quality. It may become a prerequisite to doing business with some companies and in more industries as it has in the automotive industry. The direct cost of certification can range from a few thousand dollars for a small facility to hundreds of thousands for larger companies and millions for international companies. Presenting the business case for certification will be much easier if the benefits and cost reduction are included as part of the presentation. Purpose of the Study There are a number of excellent consulting services and other resources available at a cost, to help companies through the process of achieving certification. The key is the element of cost. In order to receive funds for consulting services or any other resources, you may have to justify your endeavor financially prior receiving any funding. Even if your company is capable of going through the process without any outside resources there are still direct and indirect costs associated with the process, prior to hiring a certification company to conduct an audit. You will have to buy materials, pull people in full time and part time, audit and update records. Training will be required for employees and management. The purpose is to show that the costs associated with obtaining and maintaining an ISO 14000 certification as part of an Environmental Management System, can be exceeded by the benefits of doing so. The benefits are not just monetary, but also how the company is viewed in the public eye as well, which is increasingly important in today’s global economy. Scope of the Study The majority of the top 100 companies in the United States have already achieved ISO 14000 certification. The same trend exists in the European Union. The research will look at what is driving the movement towards certification. It will also look at what is required to become certified and to maintain that certification. This will be done through case studies of companies that have already achieved certification, how it has affected their companies and in what ways. The main focus being that it makes good business sense, and the justification thereof. The study concentrates on the business and profit reasons for ISO 14000 registrations, with tertiary scans of ethical issues and applicability of not-for-profit organizations. The study includes brief descriptions of all phases of the ISO 14001 process, with outlines of the various sections of the manual that is an integral part of the process. Rationale of the Study While a lot companies have already achieved ISO 14000 certification many more have not. One of the biggest factors in failure to achieve or to get the company to attempt certification, especially in small and medium size companies, is that often the appointed SME (subject matter expert) has little knowledge as to what is required. It is a task that is added to their current â€Å"to do† list and they are not given the proper resources or time to conduct a thorough study as to what needs to be done, the resources it will require and what is most important in some cases, R. O. I. (Return On Investment). This study will help to explain what is required, where to look for information and through case studies show that a positive R. O. I. can be achieved through ISO 14000 certification and the maintenance of the certification. Definition of Terms Climate change: An alteration to measured quantities (e. g. precipitation, temperature, radiation, wind and cloudiness) within the climate system that departs significantly from previous average conditions and is seen to endure, bringing about corresponding changes to ecosystems and socio-economic activity. Associated with greenhouse gas emissions, of which fossil fuel combustion and forest decline are contributors. Code of Federal Regulations: United Stated Code of Regulations, commonly referred to as CFR is a publication established by and Act of Congress. It documents all regulations issued by federal administrative agencies that have â€Å"general applicability and legal effect. † Ecological or Environmental sustainability: This entails maintaining an ecosystem an adjacent ecosystem at the same or higher levels as the ecosystem in question to be able to maintain its productivity, adaptability and capacity for renewal. It requires that forest management respects, and builds on, natural processes. EMAS: Eco-Management and Audit Scheme, In Europe the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) was created and many European countries made implementation of EMAS mandatory for many large manufacturing facilities. EMAS and ISO 14001 are not very different; EMAS has two significant elements more than ISO 14001, namely a baseline environmental assessment and a public environmental performance report. Environmental Aspect: An element of an organizations activities, products or services that can interact with the environment, whether it be in a positive of negative manner. Environmental Impact: Any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organizations activities, products or services. Gap Analysis: One of the initial steps in successful implementation of ISO 14000 is gap analysis. The gap analysis looks at a facility’s written programs, policies, and procedures to see how they compare to the requirements of ISO 14000. Once this analysis is complete a guideline will be established to bring them into compliance to prepare for certification Global Warming: The term Global Warming refers to the observation that the atmosphere near the Earths surface is warming, without any implications for the cause or magnitude. This warming is one of many kinds of climate change that the Earth has gone through in the past and will continue to go through in the future. ISO 14000: ISO 14000 is a series of environmental management standards developed and published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) for organizations. The ISO 14000 standards provide a guideline or framework for organizations that need to systematize and improve their environmental management efforts. The ISO 14000 standards are not designed to aid the enforcement of environmental laws and do not regulate the environmental activities of organizations. Adherence to these standards is voluntary. The ISO 14001 standard is the most important standard within the ISO 14000 series. ISO 14001 specifies the requirements of an environmental management system (EMS) for small to large organizations. An EMS is a systemic approach to handling environmental issues within an organization. The ISO 14001 standard is based on the Plan-Check-Do-Review-Improve cycle. The Plan cycle deals with the beginning stages of an organization becoming ISO 14001-compliant. The Check cycle deals with checking and correcting errors. The Do cycle is the implementation and operation of the ISO 14001 standard within an organization. The Review cycle is a review of the entire process by the organizations top management. And the Improve cycle is a cycle that never ends as an organization continually finds ways to improve their EMS. The entire process can take several months to several years depending on the size of the organization. If an organization is already ISO 9000-certified, the implementation of ISO 14001 does not take as long. When an organization is compliant, they can either register with a third-party registrar or self-declare their compliance. The ISO 14001 standard is the only ISO 14000 standard that allows an organization to be registered. ISO 9000: ISO 9000 is a series of standards, developed and published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), that define, establish, and maintain an effective quality assurance system for manufacturing and service industries. The ISO 9000 standard is the most widely known and has perhaps had the most impact of the 13,000 standards published by the ISO. It serves many different industries and organizations as a guide to quality products, service, and management. Kyoto Protocol: It is a pact agreed on by governments at a United Nations Conference in Kyoto, Japan 1997 to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases emitted by developed countries by 5. 2 percent of 1990 levels during the five-year period 2008-2012. Eighty-four countries have signed the pact and 40 of have ratified it, according to U. N. data. Only one country, which has an emissions target, Romania, has ratified to date. LCA: Life-Cycle Assessment is a systematic approach used to manage the environmental impacts of products and service systems, and it is applied at several levels. It tracks the entire life cycle of a product from inception to disposal and looks for environmental impact throughout and how that can be reduced. Lean Manufacturing: Lean Manufacturing is an operational strategy oriented toward achieving the shortest possible cycle time by eliminating waste. It is derived from the Toyota Production System and its key thrust is to increase the value-added work by eliminating waste and reducing incidental work. The technique often decreases the time between a customer order and shipment, and it is designed to radically improve profitability, customer satisfaction, throughput time, and employee morale (Lean Manufacturing, n. d). Overview of the Study The study will consider the attributes of ISO 14000 as an Environmental Management System. In this paper the main focus will be to define the quantitative as well as qualitative benefits for employing an EMS, in our case ISO 14000. While ISO 14000 will be the primary focus, other EMS systems will also be discussed as alternatives and for relative comparisons. The procedures for and the costs of implementation will also be looked at as part of the study. In the process case studies will be studied and discussed through the use of Internet searches, relevant case studies and publications as well as personal experience and interviews with others in the field. This study will attempt to provide methods for justification of perusing certification. It will also try to give an overview of the process for obtaining certification from the planning stage, through implementation, certification as well as the follow up and continuous improvement required to maintain certification. The Ethical Rationale for Environmental Management Standards Concern for the environment is one of the hallmarks of social concerns during our times. Awareness has been growing since the last quarter of the 20th century. It has snowballed in to a major force. There are signs that countries and people will become increasingly demanding of all organizations with which to deal, in this respect. Though the first world is more influenced by concern for the environment, developing economies are also dragged in to the vortex of global opinion, as electronic media and desire for market access drive even poorer people to conform to conservation standards. Pollution, use of hazardous substances, non-degradable waste and consumption of limited natural resources are the four principal corners of environmental concerns. Pollution of air and water are most perceptible for lay people, but the effects of landfills can be equally devastating. Pesticides and organic solvents lead a series of chemicals with both acute and chronic effects. Mesothelioma is an example of a consequence of exposure to a hazardous substance, the fatal implications of which can surface after decades. Organochlorine pesticides persist in nature almost indefinitely. People at large have become very concerned about such residues and threats that surround them. Women and children are especially vulnerable. The awareness among the public regarding pollution and hazardous material is of high now-a-days. There was protest in India during January, 2006 against the French government’s decision to send a decommissioned battleship and military air craft carrier† Clemenceau â€Å"allegedly containing toxic wastes to a ship-breaking yard at Alang on the Coast of Gujarat ,in India. Green peace activists claimed the ship was loaded with hundreds of tones of toxic wastes, including 500 tones of asbestos alone and it was a violation of international Basel convention on trade of hazardous materials. Greenpeace activists claimed that â€Å"Clemenceau† is French property containing hazardous waste on ship and can not allowed to dump this hazardous waste in India . Yielding to the pressure , the French Government finally recalled its decision to scrap the ship in India . The concept of supply chains has spurred thoughts about life cycle analysis. Exhaustive labeling requirements have made people more generally aware that an innocuous finished product may involve the use of hazardous substances. Processed foods are common examples of convenience products that may contain harmful ingredients and sources of infection and contamination. This matter also leads to consideration of packaging materials that have been traditionally taken for granted. Consumers are now aware that products made from paper can involve the destruction of forest cover, while plastic has acquired a notorious image for its persistence. This applies to tin and other metals as well. Mercury and other heavy metals in batteries and electronic products are also causes of concern. Clean water has been in acute shortage in many parts of the third world for some time now, but even developed economies have begun to worry about large-scale use of this precious resource, Ground water contamination and depletion of the ozone layer are other matters that engage much popular attention. Large corporations that generate profits are prime targets for pressures to develop environmental management standards. Companies, whose operations transcend national boundaries, have to be especially careful of their environmental footprints. However, government, social service organizations and small business may all affect the environment in serious and indelible ways. Hence it is possible that environmental management programs may become increasingly universal with the passage of time. It may be concluded that there is a strong ethical foundation for environmental concerns. All organizations regardless of their size, nature and location, will be subject to pressures to monitor their environmental impacts, and to find ways of reducing or even eliminating all harmful implications of their transactions. The ethical rationale has a firm linkage with business reasons for ISO 14000 certifications, as there are societal trends that it soon become a pre-requisite for continuing to be in business. Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature 2. 1 Introduction Business survival in today’s global economy is difficult at best. Today business’ look for advantage in every possible area and lean manufacturing programs like Six Sigma with its belts levels to parallel karate, Kaizen, 5S and many others have become not just popular but an integral part of maintaining and doing business. How does an Environmental Management System fit into the â€Å"Lean Culture† of business? That is the question that will be studied in this paper through the review of related literature, case studies, interviews, technical periodicals and Internet sources. An overview of lean manufacturing concepts will be given with the focus on integrating an E. M. S. into a companies existing lean program or as part of the implementation of a lean program. While other Environmental Management Systems will be referenced, I. S. O 14000 case studies and statistics will be used in this study. In the United States and the rest of the world I. S. O. 14000 is a recognized standard for Environmental Management Systems, much the same as ISO 9000 is for quality systems. The literature reviewed in this paper was selected for relevance to either a single topic, Lean Manufacturing, I. S. O. 14000 or the integration of the EMS into the lean manufacturing system and will be reviewed in that order. By the process of lean manufacturing, Toyota, the world greatest manufacturer, consistently makes the highest quality cars with the fewest defects of any competing manufacturer by using fewer man-hours, less on-hand inventory and half the floor space of its competitors.

Andrew Carnegie On The Gospel Of Wealth :: essays research papers

Andrew Carnegie was born in Dunfermline, Scotland in 1835. His father, Will, was a weaver and a follower of Chartism, a popular movement of the British working class that called for the masses to vote and to run for Parliament in order to help improve conditions for workers. The exposure to such political beliefs and his family's poverty made a lasting impression on young Andrew and played a significant role in his life after his family immigrated to the United States in 1848. Andrew Carnegie amassed wealth in the steel industry after immigrating from Scotland as a boy. He came from a poor family and had little formal education. The roots of Carnegie's internal conflicts were planted in Dunfermline, Scotland, where he was born in 1835, the son of a weaver and political radical who instilled in young Andrew the values of political and economic equality. His family's poverty, however, taught Carnegie a different lesson. When the Carnegies emigrated to America in 1848, Carnegie determined to bring prosperity to his family. He worked many small jobs which included working for the Pennsylvania Railroad where he first recognized the importance of steel. With this recognition, he resigned and started the Keystone Bridge Company in 1865. He built a steel-rail mill, and bought out a small steel company. By 1888, he had a large plant. Later on he sold his Carnegie Steel Company to J. P. Morgan's U.S. Steel Company after a serious, bloody union strike.He saw himself as a hero of working people, yet he crushed their unions. The richest man in the world, he railed against privilege. A generous philanthropist, he slashed the wages of the workers who made him rich. By this time, Carnegie was an established, successful millionaire. He was a great philanthropist, donating over $350 million dollars to public causes, opening libraries, money for teachers, and funds to support peace. In the end, he gave away about 90% of his own money to various causes. He also preached to others to do the same as in giving money for education and sciences.The problem, however, was that there was such a contrast between the rich and the poor. By this he was referring to the inequalities in rights, hereditary powers, and such things. He also felt we should have a continuum of forward progress, i.e. civilizing, industrializing.Apparently in his time there was a movement to drift back into a time when there was little advance in modernizing and technologically advancing; when "neither master nor servant was as well situated.

Meaning of Life and Socrates Essay

Socrates was considered by many to be the wisest man in ancient Greece. While he was eventually condemned for his wisdom, his spoken words are still listened to and followed today. When, during his trial, Socrates stated that, â€Å"the unexamined life is not worth living† (Plato 45), people began to question his theory. They began to wonder what Socrates meant with his statement, why he would feel that a life would not be worth living. To them, life was above all else, and choosing to give up life would be out of the picture. They did not understand how one would choose not to live life just because he would be unable to examine it. Socrates felt that if he was unable to examine life, he would not be really living. To Socrates, living meant being able to question the world around him. Examining life gives one freedom. Once one examines himself and understands who he is, he can take control of his life. Socrates believed that the ability to ask, to examine, and to understand would make a life whole. He believed that the purpose of life was to grow, both physically and spiritually. Being able to explore and understand would lead to a deeper understanding of the world around us as well as a deeper understanding of ourselves. (Plato 46) Socrates felt that, above all, one should be a good citizen and always do the right thing (Plato 18). However, many in his time did not worry about doing what was correct. Socrates realized this, and understood that they did not care to look into their actions and beliefs. Their first thoughts were on the goals that they had, such as money and pleasure, rather than the thought of whether or not the goals they held were actually what should have been considered important and right (Plato 26). Socrates knew that, unless they took the time to question their lifestyles, they would never do the right thing. By living a life that was being examined, the citizens would be living a life that was, for the most part, also right. Socrates†¦ Personally, I have found great value in examining the wisdom of many acts in my life, yet there are many types of people in this world, and if some do not ponder the wisdom of their actions much at all, must we (or particularly they) conclude their life is less worth living? It seems awfully condescending. The people who don’t examine their lives much probably aren’t examining Socrates statement. If they did, they might object to the interpretation with which it is adopted by philosophers. The live in which I let other people tell me what the questions of life are, the life in which I let other people give me their answers without my thinking through to my own answers, is the unexamined life. Socrates is saying that the life in which I ask my own questions and answer them for myself in a reasonable manner is a more valuable life than the unexamined life. The examined life is so much better than an unexamined life that Socrates is willing to die for that value. Through out generations, mankind has been asking themselves what is the purpose of life. And obviously, it would not easy for one alone to answer or explain what the meaning of life is. Nevertheless, one’s life is monotonous if it is meaningless, and it is not monotonous if it has a purpose, a target to go. Thus, the question here is how one knows that his life is worth living or not? Socrates, the father of ancient philosophy, once stated, â€Å"An unexamined life is not worth living. † In order to make one life becomes worth to live, this famous statement strongly addresses that one must exanimate himself first and then others in the society to find the meaning and happiness of life. After reading Plato’s account of Socrates defense, the Apology, I was completely blown away by the power of Socrates words and ideas. The reading left me thinking about how I felt regarding what he had said about virtue, truth and the quest for both. In class, we discussed Socrates search for virtue and we touched on the topic of this paper: the reasons Socrates believed that â€Å"the unexamined life is not worth living for man†. It is my opinion that he is correct in that view and in this paper I intend to show you why. Like many philosophers alive in his time, it was Socrates belief that virtue could only be attained through examination. Only through exploration can you really understand what virtue is, and begin to act virtuously. Understanding, as well as sharing, this information was very important goal to Socrates. The significance of examining and understanding our lives is far greater than one might think. Understanding and comprehending the behavior of friends, as well as of ourselves, enables us to have empathy and compassion for them. And, allows us not to stand in judgment, which, in turn, allows us to live the moral, noble lives that Socrates spoke of. As one analyzes the â€Å"Apology† by Plato, one is able to analyze and contrast and most people would agree with Socrates when he claims that â€Å"†¦the unexamined life is not worth living†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . From a more personal standpoint I would completely agree with Socrates point of view, due to the fact most of us in society have chosen to live the â€Å"unexamined life† for centuries and as a result we live in a society where one has to live segregated from our freewill as human beings as well as a society that is restrained by rules and other types of social â€Å"walls†. When one reads and is able to contrast Plato’s â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† it clearly shows a great and perhaps the most clear example of the point that Socrates was attempting to make to the jury, in the â€Å"Apology†. For example in Plato’s â€Å"Allegory of the Cave†, Plato makes the reader visualize a cave where there are a great number of prisoners who are restrained and are faced staring at the wall where all they can see is shadow movements that are projected from a fire that is placed right behind these prisoners, and this fire is displaying false images from what appears to be images of the outside world. As the story proceeds, one of the prisoners manages to pe the cave and he walks outside into the â€Å"real† world and is able to see a completely different view of the real world and this prisoner is able to see a completely different image of the outside world, different from the images that the shadows inside the cave were exposing to the prisoners. What Socrates is implying is that if one decides not to discover thyself and attempts to focus more on material interest and the acquisition of personal power, one is capable of abusing this power to an extent where it may result in havoc and possibly the destruction of those who occupy the state, either emotionally or physically and all as a result of decisions that were not taken into consideration before being applied. † What I was able to grasp from this quote that Socrates phrased is that one has the wisdom to accomplish anything in one’s personal life, but one should able to find our soul and locate the wisdom that one contains inside the mind before one attempts to reach personal obstacles in life. the greatest good of all man is daily to converse about virtue. When the time for the exam came along I decided not cheat in the exam simply because I was going to have to live with a guilty conscious for quite sometime and although cheating on the exam appeared tempting at the time I still needed some time to myself and ponder about the decision that I had to make that was probably going to damage my personal morality as an individual. † The part of the phrase that really caught my attention is when Socrates says â€Å". † What Socrates is trying to make us see is that the more one speaks about virtue the more a person is able to learn about the â€Å"virtues† of one’s personal life, or in other words we are able to acquire more knowledge of the human mind and its capabilities. I did not go where I could do no good to you or to myself; but where I could do the greatest good privately to everyone of you , thither I went, and sought to persuade every man among you that he must look to himself , and seek virtue and wisdom before he looks to his private interests, and look to the state before he looks to the interests of the state; and that this should be the order which he observes in all his actions. In my third semester in Santa Monica College I was taking a math class and during the first month of the semester I had already taken two exams and had failed on both, as a result before the day of the third exam arrived I was feeling somewhat nervous due to the fact that I was not prepared to take this exam. So as the moment was arriving for this exam, I began to ponder about idea of cheating in order for the results to go my way. When the escaped prisoner decides to go into the cave and attempts to explain to the other prisoners about what is really occurring in the outside world, the other prisoners decide to gain up on the â€Å"liberated† prisoner, because they were not prepared to see reality for what it really is, so they decided to chose to somewhat live the life of a â€Å"social slave† and not the life of a person who lives a life of freedom nor freewill. Another quote that Socrates applies in this story is when he quotes â€Å". The same thing goes for the â€Å"unexamined life†, sometimes we as a human being attempt to achieve a certain level of success in life and sometimes at the expense of others and although we may acquire success, we will always live with the conscious of such guilt that later on in life it is going to comeback and hunt us. â€Å"The unexamined life is not worth living. † (Apology, p. 41) Socrates held him self up to this standard by allowing the courts to take his life because they would not allow him to continue his quest set forth by the Oracle. An unexamined life would be just coasting through and not making any decisions or asking any questions. Socrates could not see a point in living if you were unable to ask questions and challenge your way of thinking. An examined life would be trying to understand your purpose and the current state of things. By examining your life, therefor understanding yourself, you will not be subject to actions motivated by passion or instinct. Socrates demonstrated this when Crito arrived at his jail cell with news that he could help Socrates escape. This was an event where they had to act quickly, however Socrates said â€Å"Let us examine the question together, my dear friend, and if you can make any objection while I am speaking, make it and I will listen to you, but if you have no objection to make, my dear Crito, then stop now from saying the same thing so often, that I must leave here against the will of the Athenians. I think it important to persuade you before I act, and not to act against your wishes. See whether the start of our enquiry is adequately stated, and try to answer what I ask you in the way you think best. † (Crito, p. 51) Socrates examines the situation with Crito instead of acting hastily. This example displays how dedicated Socrates was to his way of thinking, and helps explain Socrates actions in court. Meletus was the catalyst of this case brought against Socrates. Meletus’s affidavit said â€Å"Socrates is guilty of wrongdoing in that he busies himself studying things in the sky and below the earth; he makes the worse into the stronger argument, and he teaches these same things to others. † (Apology, p. 25) Socrates says all these claims are false and challenges anyone in the court to speak up if they are true. Socrates was also accused of corrupting the young and of not believing in the gods the city believed in but believing in his own gods. Socrates attacked each of these accusations point by point. To disprove the accusation that he corrupts the young he says â€Å"They say: That man Socrates is a pestilential fellow who corrupts the young. If one ask them what he does and what he teaches to corrupt them, they are silent, as they do not know. † (Apology, p. 29) To disprove the statement that he does not believe in the gods the city believes in, he starts to question the jury. Socrates states â€Å"Does any man, Meletus, believe in human activities who does not believe in humans? † â€Å"Or in flue-playing activities but not in flute-players? † (Apology, p. 32) Socrates sets up these analogies so he can compare them to the statements that he does not believe in any gods. Socrates then applies this analogy to himself by saying. â€Å"Then since I do believe in spirits, as you admit, if spirits are gods, this is what I mean when I say you speak in riddles and in jest, as you state that I do not believe in gods and then again that I do, since I do believe in spirits†. (Apology, p. 32) Socrates in his defense is trying to prove that Meletus’s charges are blown out of proportion and they are wasting the courts time. Socrates is posed with the question â€Å"Are you not ashamed, Socrates, to have followed the kind of occupation that has led to your being now in danger of death? † (Apology, p. 33) Socrates replies â€Å"Whenever a man has taken a position that he believes to be best, or has been placed by his commander, there he must I think remain and face danger, without a thought for death or anything else, rather than disgrace. † (Apology, p. 33) Socrates is saying when you dedicate your life or you strongly believe in a belief or subject no matter what the danger, you should still stand behind your beliefs. By doing this, you live an examined life. In Socrates case, if he were to accept the punishment of never practicing philosophy he would be living an unexamined life because he could just set aside his beliefs and move on through life. Socrates explains his passion for philosophy by saying â€Å"Gentlemen of the jury, I am grateful and I am your friend, but I will obey the god rather than you, and as long as I draw breath and am able, I shall not cease to practise philosophy, to exhort you and in my usual way to point out to any one of you whom I happen to meet. † (Apology, p. 34) The way Socrates explains himself to the jury, I see a man who truly believes in what he preaches. He demonstrates that he has lived an examined life, and even with the threat of death and an opportunity to escape death, he sticks with what he truly believes is right. He questions everything and will not accept ignorance. However I feel that since Socrates was at the age of 70 his fear of death was dramatically reduced. I think if he were younger he would have taken the opportunity Crito presented to escape, so he could continue his quest. â€Å"Now the hour to part has come. I go to die, you go to live. Which of us goes to the better lot is know to no one, except the god. † (Apology, p. 44).